مجله پژوهش های اخلاقی
سال هفتم شماره 1 (پیاپی 25، پاییز 1395)

Islam has brought us an Islamic-divine perfect and comprehensive worldview based upon Quran and Hadith. It asks from human beings to have an ethical life to attain to their ultimate meaning in their relations with themselves, with God, with others and with Nature. These human beings, i.e. those who have faith and well doings, have the gospel of a proper life. In this paper we try to show the good deeds that a well doer believer should perform in relation to the Nature to reach to felicity- a real and original life- in other world. In our view there is – in contrast to this kind of view to life and Nature- another world view that is atheistic and corporeal which have made a humanistic view centered on egoistic desires and this has led to suppress the Nature- a place that is considered as an ultimate end for human life. We believe that an ethics based on Quran to keep the Nature safe would 1- cancel this kind of materialistic view and 2- with considering Quranic observations abnormal deed would disappear and 3- perfectness of Islam would be shown.

This paper is targeted at Shiraz university doctoral students‘ understanding of research ethics using phenomenology as its research strategy. Eight students participated in this research by deep interview. Using interpretative phenomenology, as the first step, we identified seven sub-themes through an inductive analysis of the data. Then, these sub-themes were conceptualized and categorized to generate themes that could describe how students understand ethical conditions in research. The two themes generated—‗‗Rethinking about concepts,‘‘ and Enlightening diversity of situations‘‘—delineate ―situation exceptionalization‖ for students, as the pivotal lived experience of the participants in which their encounters with various ethical dilemmas determine their moral judgment. As such, they single out their desired interpretation from diversity of situations so as to manage contradictions.

Meskoye under the influence of Greece intellectual at first dived excellences in four category (wisdom, virtue, bravery, fairness), and mention them as main excellence. He believes that wisdom is excellence of speech power and by that human understanding God's affairs, and virtue is excellence of sensual power and if human gain this excellence, he will get authority of this power and uses his sensual wishes in a right thought and opinion and will released from enslavement of carnalities. By Meskoye perspective bravery, is excellence of anger power of human oneself, and if this power be under the power of rational power he will gain bravery Excellence and avoiding any fear by doing frightening and macabre affairs. The last main excellence from the perspective of Meskoye is fairness. He reminding that human will gain this excellence if he gained those three previous excellence. Overall both anger and sensual power is obedience of speech power. With a little contemplation in what Saied we will understand that there is a very strong and firm connection between main excellence and oneself power. Wisdom from speech power, virtue and bravery will created from compatibility between these three power.

The goal of this study was to investigate relationship between patience components and procrastination with the mediating role of achievement goals components among university students. To this extent, 260 students (150 male and 110 female) were selected using random cluster sampling and patience components Questionnaire, goal orientation Questionnaire and procrastination scale responded. Structural equation modeling(SEM) was used evaluate path analysis of observable variables. The results of path analysis indicated that between patience components , patience, transcendence, consent and persistence components negatively have anticipate procrastination. Moreover learning played a mediating role in the relationship between procrastination and patience components. According to the present research's results, its offered to use patience workshops for reduced procrastination in learners.

The present research is aimed to clarify the role of the components of passion (revolt, enmity, lust, and rebellion) in seditions (Fitnas) of Imam Ali‘s age. In Imam Ali‘s age, there lived some people who didn‘t make decisions based on their wisdom and sound judgment; rather, they acted based on their passions and temptations. Passions resulted in the seditions of Imam Ali‘s age in four main forms: revolt, enmity (hostility), lust, and rebellion. Revolt and passionate cruelties of factions of Jamal, Seffin, and Nahrawan led to three consecutive seditions. A group of people, due to jealousy, and another group, due to the fact that some their close relatives had been killed by Imam Ali in Battles of Badr, Ohod, etc., feuded him; so that, ―enmity‖, as another form of passion, emerged in form of vengeance. ―Passions‖ had significant role in creation of the seditions of that age. Seditionists‘ eagerness toward wealth, as the basis of the passions, was the fundamental basis of the seditions in Imam Ali‘s age. Furthermore, disobeying the God‘s proof and representative among His servants amounts to rebellion, which people committed impudently and created many seditions after the Prophet‘s death.

The Relationship of the ''Politics'' and the ''Happiness'' is one of issues that are traditionally focus of social ethics thinkers. The study and compaire of two big thinkers ideal –one from of ancient Greece and the other from Islamic philosophies- is important. The present research has been aim to clear the circumstance of the relationship of this two topics in analytical-applicational ways and also to explain the points of their ideas participations and differences in this text. Both Aristotle and Ibn Miskeweyh believies the earning to happiness is aim of the politics and political society and proponde the elements of earning to happiness, principles of obtaining to desirable political society, similarly. In attention to effect Aristotle viewpoints upon Ibn Miskeweyh thouthghs, the difference between this two thinkers ideologies, has been cause difference in some of the discussions. Aristotle believies criteria of desirability in political society and earning to happiness is living on base of virtue, but in according to Ibn Miskewayh's monalistic ideology, he believies the religion is inseparable element of politics and introduced the best politics is divine politics.

This study, in order to solve the problem of unrest and anxiety of modern man, leaning on Plato's views, shows that Including ways to gain the Psychological security is man‘s persist on virtues that moderation is headed. Plato after drawing of human dignity in being as rational‘s being and based in network of Ideas kinship, analysis understanding‘s folk of moderation and rethinking it. According to him, the public perception of the concept of moderation in the sense of self- control, in addition to inherent contradiction of its own and function only personal,lead to camouflage the real reason, because moderation is the result of the systematic and harmonious soul of the rule of the reason over force condemned achieved and thereby directed a person to stability in soul and immunity and resistance against all kinds of emotional and provides in this way comfort her.So according to Plato, inner peace is based on internal issue and always manifestation on order of soul. Accordingly, it can be said, the most important factor of unrest contemporary human is epistemological crisis of himself and his inner power. Therefore, to solve the crisis, should be reminds him divine nature of the soul and the ruling order of it, which is, formulated in the philosophy of Plato the virtue of moderation.

This article pays with sociological explanation, to examine foundations of dialogue in the thought of Imam Khomeini (RA), using the method of documents, content analysis of texts, and emphasized the literature of derived for the Koran, and Max Weber's theory of charismatic leadership and Crane Brinton's theory of revolution. In the documents taking notes from most of works of Imam Khomeini (RA). The Imam greatness is that we can show originality thought in his work, so pay attention to Imam Khomeini's thought is needed more than the past.The Imam with ethics and his transcendent character could convert intellectual discipline to social order with new structure, and he challenged with critical analysis the discourse of previous them. So we can say, Imam has dialogue follow from prophets and from dialogue method is used further in explanation and reform and Distribution , of course if there is no result, he did insurrection and war. Imam with his interactive approach, thought of unilateral and biased deposited to Museum of history of thought. He has done affairs in diplomatic exchanges according to ethical principles and good of society and disposal of corruption. So in the analysis of their ideas, it should be noted, the proven principles of their thought. Design of religious thought and ethics in the world and globalization of Islam, awareness, distinguish real Islam from American Islam, special attention to human resources, application of concepts based on Islam, mutual respect and observance of justice between governments, thought expedient, pondering and realism, believing people, Futurology are foundations of his dialogue.

Given the importance of creativity and innovation for survival in today's world, Many researches have been done on the causes of creativity and innovation. This research with the introduction of concepts such as ethical climate, creativity and innovation, study the relationship between these concepts and How to influence them.
The purpose of this research is application and the method of data collection is like Descriptive - correlational research. Target population was employees of the National Bank of Mashhad and used data is collected from employees of the National Bank. Research instruments were creativity 9 questions questionnaire, innovation 8 item questionnaire and 8 questions questionnaire of ethical climate.To analyze the findings and confirm the pattern of research is used of structural equations modeling.
Findings: The result of research indicate that the ethical climate has a significant and positive influence on creativity and innovation but the mediator has no effect on the intensity of the relationship.
According to the findings, it can be concluded that the direct impact of ethical climate on innovation more than the effect of ethical climate on innovation through creativity mediator.

Analyzing the fundamental concept of justice has special situation and great importance in the mind of any philosopher. Nasir al-din is one of the great philosophers who has precious words and has written great works about justice. By using an integrated approach of the ideas of the Greek philosophers (Plato and Aristotle votes) and philosophical and theological teachings and by wisdom and theology tools, Nasir al-din could make clear the neglected theological dimensions of justice and explain Islam's approach to the issue of justice. By benefiting from this method, he has created coordination among justice and other parts of practical wisdom of Islam. In this study, by referring to Nasir-al-din‘s works especially Akhlaq-iNasri, it has tried to explain the statue of justice in Nasir al-din‘s intellectual framework in an analytical-descriptive method.

Racism in its broad sense, means the superiority of some others over the others on their race. Subjects about Racism has considerate in different fields including politics, sociology, law, psychology and especially in ethics. In some ethical systems, such as Kant's ethics, racism, as well as many other topics, is not consider. But this does not mean that the system cannot consider and investigate on racism. In this paper, we try to investigate Kant‘s point of view in his ethical system on racism by using his idea on triple rule of categorical imperative and finally this result will occur that Kant, on the basis of their moral system cannot be justified racism either. For Kant, moral virtue consists of duty or act according to the task, which cannot communicate with the race of the subject of the verb.

The study on the creation of human being and its ethical implication is a significant philosophical issue that many philosophical text deal with it. Evolutionary perspective toward the creation of human being as modern scientific theory has faced many challenges in general and ethical problem in particular. According to some theist philosophers and theologians there are inconsistency between theistic ethical perspective and evolutionary perspective regarding human creation. The aim of this paper is to deal with inconsistency challenge. The writer will attempt to display how evolutionary theory on human creation is inconsistent with theistic ethical perspective. The research is based on ethical golden role and takes it a right ethical position. Evolutionary perspective of human nature invites human being toward self-centered interest while human nature display concern over others` interest. The golden rule is main feature of human life and culture that display man`s concerns about other human being and mutual profit.